Substances that humans are regularly exposed to have the theoretical potential to cause harm, therefore it is appropriate that the use of mouth rinses – and other dental products – is examined from a safety perspective. This section will provide a discussion of potential health issues that have been raised about the use of alcohol-containing mouth rinses such as LISTERINE®, and the studies that have been conducted in this area.
More than thirty clinical studies, including long-term studies (6 months' duration) have been conducted on LISTERINE® over the last forty years. The original LISTERINE® has been available for more than 100 years. There is therefore a considerable body of data available that pertains to safety.
The safety evidence is based not only on historical data but also on clinical, epidemiological and laboratory investigations.
This section covers evidence of safety on oral hard and soft tissues, including:
LISTERINE® was originally formulated using ethanol (alcohol), which allows the essential oils to mix with the water base and acts as a preservative. Today, ethanol is a component of the LISTERINE® base range and the LISTERINE® Total Care mouth rinses. In both the base range and the Total Care range, LISTERINE® has ethanol-free variants (LISTERINE® Zero and LISTERINE® Total Care Zero respectively).
In the healthy state, saliva has a pH range of 6.7–7.4.1 A lower (more acidic) pH, below the critical value of 4.3–5, will favour demineralisation of the tooth, with (re)mineralisation occurring at higher pH levels.2
It has been suggested that long-term usage of mouth rinses with antiplaque and antigingivitis activity could possibly lead to an effect on the microflora, with an undesirable succession of opportunistic species occurring, or selection of species that develop resistance to the antimicrobial mouth rinse.1
The oral mucosa is a mechanical barrier that has selective permeability, allowing some substances to enter the body but which excludes others.1 There have been concerns raised over the effect of ethanol on the oral mucosa,2 potentially increasing permeability.3
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With your express consent, which you give us by registering and opening an account on our web site, we will send you exclusive offers, product updates and other promotional information about our product range by mail, SMS or email.You may revoke your consent to our use of your personal information at any time by telling us or updating your details on the site. Also, subject to exceptions permitted by applicable law you may request access to, or correction of, your personal information. For further information about how you might revoke your consent, request access to or correction of your personal information, make a privacy enquiry or complaint, or see our full Privacy Policy please<click here>
By pressing “Submit” you expressly consent to : * Receiving marketing communications from us by mail, email or sms; * Your personal information being processed and stored outside your country of residence; and * Your personal information being processed by our contracted service provider.
We collect your personal information to process your request to create an account for this web site. If you did not give us your personal information we would be unable to open your account. Your personal information will be processed and stored by our contracted service provider who supports this site on our behalf and they are located in the USA.
With your express consent, which you give us by registering and opening an account on our web site, we will send you exclusive offers, product updates and other promotional information about our product range by mail, SMS or email.You may revoke your consent to our use of your personal information at any time by telling us or updating your details on the site. Also, subject to exceptions permitted by applicable law you may request access to, or correction of, your personal information. For further information about how you might revoke your consent, request access to or correction of your personal information, make a privacy enquiry or complaint, or see our full Privacy Policy please<click here>
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{* #socialRegistrationForm *} {* socialRegistration_emailAddress *} {* socialRegistration_firstName *} {* socialRegistration_lastName *} {* socialRegistration_password *} {* socialRegistration_passwordConfirm *} {* socialRegistration_gender *} {* birthYear *} {* socialRegistration_addressStreetAddress1 *} {* socialRegistration_addressStreetAddress2 *} {* mobilePhone *} {* haveChildren *} {* customQuestions *}We collect your personal information to process your request to create an account for this web site. If you did not give us your personal information we would be unable to open your account. Your personal information will be processed and stored by our contracted service provider who supports this site on our behalf and they are located in the USA.
With your express consent, which you give us by registering and opening an account on our web site, we will send you exclusive offers, product updates and other promotional information about our product range by mail, SMS or email.You may revoke your consent to our use of your personal information at any time by telling us or updating your details on the site. Also, subject to exceptions permitted by applicable law you may request access to, or correction of, your personal information. For further information about how you might revoke your consent, request access to or correction of your personal information, make a privacy enquiry or complaint, or see our full Privacy Policy please<click here>
By pressing “Submit” you expressly consent to : * Receiving marketing communications from us by mail, email or sms; * Your personal information being processed and stored outside your country of residence; and * Your personal information being processed by our contracted service provider.